jones



lUNITED STATES PATENT FFICE,

S. R. JONES, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

ROOFING.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 32,835, dated July 16, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL R. JONES, of York, county of York, State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and Improved Mode or Plan of Roofing;and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawingsand to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure l is a view of the two sloping roofs to show the arrangement ofapplying slates as a substitute for the long or short butts of shinglesat or along the top of roof, the lower edge and top of dormer window,along the front base of window above or below the openings for chimneys.Fig. 2 represents the sloping' angle of two roofs with the butts ofslates instead of shingles, along the sloping angle. Fig. 3 is a view ofthe front sloping roof, showing the upper rows of slates to substitutethe long or short butts of shingles also in front of chimney, also themarginal or end rows of slates, also in front of base of dormer window,also the end or front section of slates to substitute the butts ofshingles at dormer window, edge and top. Fig. l is an end view of aroof, showing lower edge with slates, instead of the butts of shingles,also the marginal slates at edge or end also the slates at topsubstituting the butts of shingles, also the slates substituting buttsof shingles along the lower edge and top of window.

The letters A represent the marginal slates along the ends of slopingroofs; B are the slates placed along the top or peak of roofs tosubstitute the long or short butts of shingles; C are the under layer ofslate along the lower edge to substitute the butts of shingles; D arethe slates substituting` the butts of shingles below chimneys, windows,skylights, roof or trap doors, or any other opening; E are slates placedalong the angle of sloping roofs to substitute the butts of shingles.

The nature of my invention is as follows: Vhereas by reason of the rapiddecay of shingles along the lower edges of shingle roofs, in consequenceof the dripping of water over the sudden blunt ends, and these becomingsoaked, and but slowly dry, this wet condition also communicates to theunderlining boards, and produces a rapid decay there while otherportions may yet be in a sound and healthy condition; I propose to layone or two rows of slates over the shingles, for the succeeding rows;again,

as the sloping ends of roofs, are much eX- posed, to winds and changesof weather, and as shingles are sawed, out and shaven, across the grain,also therewith, they warp, crack, and curl, and also, undergo a decay inproportion to its place. I also propose to lay one or two rows along thesloping ends of shingle roofs or ends of rows; again, as long and shortbutts, are placed above and below openings in roofs, for chimneys, trapdoors, or otherwise, skylights, &c., also where the slopes of roofsmeet, forming angular beveled roofs, and as these being so short,readily yield to heat, wet, cold and wind, warp, crack, split and fallor blow off, leaving the roof or roofs defective and leaky; I proposealso to substitute one or two rows of slates, along the tops of roofs,also above and below the openings for chimneys trap or roof doors &c.,also along the slopes of angular or beveled roofs, all of which will notcome away by such causes and therefore render the edges of theseopenings permanent and secure; again, this plan of roofing will obviatethe objections to slated roofs, which being conductors of, absorb theheat, and render the attics or upper part of the building uncomfortablywarm; again, slates being very brittle and unless very thick are easilybroken; and if a necessity is created to be on a slate roof, there ismuch danger in breaking them, and are with much diliiculty and expenserepaired; again, this kind of edge will obviate the necessity of havinga cornice for spouting which can be applied in the ordinary way.

It will be observed and understood from the foregoing explanation; thatas in shingle roofs, the upper or top edge of a roof, and also the frontor lower edge of openings therein are laid with the long and short buttson the upper or top surface, I propose to substitute slates; and as theupper or back edge of openings therein and the lower edge of a roof iscommenced with long and short butts underneath or under surface, Ipropose to substitute slates; I also propose to substitute slat-es alongthe margins of sloping ends of a roof of a building or the ends of roofsof rows of buildings; also to substitute slates for the long` and shortbutts along the sloping angles of a roof, as also anywhere else whereverthe long or short butts are or may be applied in rooiing.

I am well aware that shingles have long been employed for roofing; I amwell aware also that slates have been employed for roofing; I am wellaware also that one or two rows of slates have been placed along theslopes of adjoining roofs in rows, to prevent the spreading of fires,all these I waive as foreign to my purpose or intention; but

-I do claiml. In all roofs of shingles of whatever wood, the use orapplication of sla-tes of whatever shape as a substitute along thesloping margins of a roof or sloping margins of end roofs rows ofbuildings of what- .be used or applied substantially in such manner asarranged anddescribed.

SAMUEL R. JONES.

Witnesses .JOHN MITZEL,

GEORGE M. SHELTER.

